Active and Passive Voice
TO BE : be ;
am.is, are - present
was, were - past
has been, have been - present perfet
had been - past perfect
MODALS : must, can, shall, should, will, would, etc
do, does, did
Now we are still talking about them especially when we are talking about Passive Voice. In Bahasa Indonesia there are :
- Saya memanggil = I am calling--- > Active
- Saya dipanggil = I am called -- > Passive
Where is the difference?
It is in the VERB
- VERB + ing in no 1 is Active
- Verb III or Past Participle is Passive
How to make a Passive from Active ?
- Subject in Active becomes Object in Passive
Object in Active becomes Subject in Passive
| |
| 2. To be + Verb III |
- Tenses ( Time) is like in Active
E.g :
Active : I write a letter = Saya menulis sepucuk
Passive : A letter is written by me = Sepucuk
Past
Active : He hated me = Ia membenci saya
Passive : I was hated by him = Saya dibenci olehnya
Remember again :
- To be and the subject.
I am - He is. - She is – They are – the police are – the lady is – etc.
The changing of Subject to Object
I -> me, you -> you, he -> him, she ->her, we-> us, they -> them, it -> it.
The changing of irregular verbs and regular verbs.
Murder –murdered – murdered, spend –spent – spent, etc
Verb I and Verb II -> Verb III (past participle)
Verb I → Verb III -> To hate > hated, to eat -> eaten
Verb II →Verb III -> Knew > known , wrote →written
- The changing of singular and plural of personal pronouns.
Otherwise you will have difficulties in the placement of to be (am,is,are,etc)
e.g. : he is typing a letter ----- → A letter is typed by him
The police arrested the thief → The thief was arrested by the police
Active to passive voice
Simple Present
Rumus : Noun + is/am/are + verb III
Active : I write a letter
Passive : A letter is written by me
Present Continuous
Rumus : Noun + is/am/are + being + verb III
Active : He is buying a car
Passive : A car is being bought by him
Simple past
Rumus : Noun + was/were + verb III
Active : The judge sentenced the convicted 5 years imprisonment
Passive : The convicted was sentenced 5 years imprisonment by the judge
Past Continuous
Rumus : Noun + was/were + being + verb III
Active : The officer was investigating the case
Passive : The case was being investigated by the officer
Simple Future
Rumus : Noun + shall/will + be + verb III
Active : The judges will issue a verdict against the accused.
Passive : A verdict against the accused will be issued by the judges
Past Future
Rumus : Noun + should/would + be + verb III
Active : The investigator would hand in the file
Passive : The file would be handed in by the investigator
Simple Perfect
Rumus : Noun + has/have + been + verb III
Active : They have committed another crime
Passive : Another crime has been committed by them
Past Perfect
Rumus : Noun + had + been + verb III
Active : We had found your watch
Passive : Your watch had been found by us
Simple Future Perfect
Rumus : Noun + shall/will +have +been + verb III
Active : The witness shall have shown the evidence
Passive : The evidence will have been shown by the witness
Past Future Perfect
Rumus : Noun + should/would +have + been + verb III
Active : The major should have been invited the president
Passive : The president should have been invited by the major
Modals :
Rumus : Noun + must/shall/will/have to/has to + be +verb III
Active : Sugiarto must report his attendance to the police once a week
Passive : His attendance must be reported by to the police once a week
Practice :
1. The police have detained 5 captains of 20 foreign ships
2. Easy access to illegal firearms is worsening the conflict
3. The international community had recognized the serious implications of illegal firearms
4. Indonesian Marine Police is arresting foreign illegal loggers in
5. The Australian Federal Police has attended the Conference of ASEAN Chiefs of Police in 2004
6. The two boys had broken the car’s windshield.
7. The witnesses’ testimony will certainly influence the future of these young boys.
8. The custom officer collects taxes from goods.
9. The lady who sat next to the driver saw the accident in Jalan Sudirman
10. The activities of Money Laundering can produce large amount of cash.
Answers :
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Postingan
